Petiolar anatomy of some hitherto unstudied Acanthaceae

Anatomy of petioles of 20 species belonging to 12 genera of the family Acanthaceae is investigated.The observations pertain to outline of petiole in T. S., the cell wall contours of epidermis, hypodermis, conjunctive tissue, besides the vascular tissue and cell inclusions, if any. The vascular tissue is generally resolved in an central arc and few vascular bundles. The various anatomical features differ taxon to taxon and hence found useful for their identification.&nbsp

Diaphragmatic hernia following oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer – Are we too radical?

Background: Diaphragmatic herniation (DH) of abdominal contents into the thorax after oesophageal resection is a recognised and serious complication of surgery. While differences in pressure between the abdominal and thoracic cavities are important, the size of the hiatal defect is something that can be influenced surgically. As with all oncological surgery, safe resection margins are essential without adversely affecting necessary anatomical structure and function. However very little has been published looking at the extent of the hiatal resection. We aim to present a case series of patients who developed DH herniation post operatively in order to raise discussion about the ideal extent of surgical resection required. Methods: We present a series of cases of two male and one female who had oesophagectomies for moderately and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas of the lower oesophagus who developed post-operative DH. We then conducted a detailed literature review using Medline, Pubmed and Google Scholar to identify existing guidance to avoid this complication with particular emphasis on the extent of hiatal resection. Discussion: Extended incision and partial resection of the diaphragm are associated with an increased risk of postoperative DH formation. However, these more extensive excisions can ensure clear surgical margins. Post-operative herniation can be an early or late complication of surgery and despite the clear importance of hiatal resection only one paper has been published on this subject which recommends a more limited resection than was carried out in our cases. Conclusion: This case series investigated the recommended extent of hiatal dissection in oesophageal surgery. Currently there is no clear guidance available on this subject and further studies are needed to ascertain the optimum resection margin that results in the best balance of oncological parameters vs. post operative morbidity

Heterogeneous network optimization using robust power-and-resource based algorithm

In order to meet the increasing mobile data-traffic, spatial densification of network with several low-power nodes, the high-power macro BS and HetNet are the major key enabling solution. However, the HetNet is unplanned in nature, causes irregularities and interferences that without any user association rules. The appropriate deployment of the femto-cell in HetNet can provide effective traffic offloading, where the alleviate mobbing in the macro-cells can decrease the power consumption therefore it optimizes the user experience. Moreover, the protection is also important for the macro and femto cell users in a network through maintaining the min-max level of interferences. In this paper, we proposed RPRA that comprises two robust approach such as robust power-controller and the robust channel-allocation approach, which can improve the spectral efficiency and user experiences at lower network coverage areas via eliminating the week coverage zones. Also provide high user rate connection by effective interference in an efficient spectrum, lowering in transmission power and cost-effectiveness via less time delay. To show the effectiveness of our proposed model we have compared with several existing techniques and we got significant improvement in throughput, also reduction in time delay and transmission power

Hand Geometry Techniques: A Review

Volume 2 Issue 11 (November 2014

Multicast Conventions to Improve Obstacle Detection and Collusion Avoidance in MANET

As of late, it got to be obvious that gathering focused administrations are one of the essential application classes focused by MANETs. In spite of the fact that these conventions perform well under particular versatility situations, movement loads, and system conditions, no single convention has been appeared to be ideal in all situations. The objective of this paper is to describe the execution of multicast conventions over an extensive variety of MANET situations. To this end, we assess the execution of lattice and tree-based multicast steering plans in respect to flooding and prescribe conventions most reasonable for particular MANET situations. In view of the investigation and reproduction results, we likewise propose two varieties of flooding, Perused flooding and hyper flooding, as a way to diminish overhead and expansion unwavering quality, separately. Another commitment of the paper is a recreation based relative investigation of the proposed flooding varieties against plain flooding, work, and tree-based MANET directing. In this paper we researched about various sending technique for GPSR in remote system furthermore discover the issues and their answers. The principle point of our study was to distinguish which directing strategy has better execution in very versatile environment of VANET. In MANET, this depletion of vitality will be more because of its infrastructure less nature and versatility. Because of this, the topology get shifted. This may definitely influence the execution of steering convention furthermore influence the system lifetime. To address this issue another calculation has been created which uses the system parameters identifying with element nature of hubs viz. vitality channel rate, relative versatility estimation to foresee the hub lifetime and connection lifetime. At that point execute this calculation in the DYMO convention environment. This will expand the system lifetime and adaptability. Further enhance the execution, we have actualized another calculation by incorporating course lifetime expectation calculation alongside the molecule swarm enhancement (PSO) calculation

Wall influence on dynamics of a microbubble

The nonlinear dynamic behaviour of microscopic bubbles near a wall is investigated. The Keller-Miksis-Parlitz equation is adopted, but modified to account for the presence of the wall. This base model describes the time evolution of the bubble surface, which is assumed to remain spherical, and accounts for the effect of acoustic radiation losses owing to liquid compressibility in the momentum conservation. Two situations are considered: the base case of an isolated bubble in an unbounded medium; and a bubble near a solid wall. In the latter case, the wall influence is modeled by including a symmetrically oscillating image bubble. The bubble dynamics is traced using a numerical solution of the model equation. Subsequently, Floquet theory is used to accurately detect the bifurcation point where bubble oscillations stop following the driving ultrasound frequency and undergo period-changing bifurcations. Of particular interest is the detection of the subcritical period tripling and quadrupling transition. The parametric bifurcation maps are obtained as functions of non-dimensional parameters representing the bubble radius, the frequency and pressure amplitude of the driving ultrasound field and the distance from the wall. It is shown that the presence of the wall generally stabilises the bubble dynamics, so that much larger values of the pressure amplitude are needed to generate nonlinear responses.Comment: 25 pages, 14 figure